• An Introduction to Cavity-Nesting Bees in the Puget Sound Region – WSU. FS293E.  2018

• Native Pollinators – Great links from the Strathcona Beekeepers Assoc. Mostly honey bees.

• Native Bees, Solitary Bees and Wild Bees:  What are they? – U. of Minnesota

• Bee Basics: An Introduction to Our Native Bees – A USDA Forest Service and Pollinator Partnership Publication.

• The Biology and External Morphology of Bees (pdf) With keys and a synopsis of Northwestern Genera (140 pp.)

• Managing Alternative Pollinators – A Handbook for Beekeepers, Growers, and Conservationists (170 pages)

• Enhancing Nest Sites For Native Bee Crop Pollinators – USDA AgroForestry Notes

• Constructing Backyard Bee Hotels– LSU Ag Center

• Blue Orchard Bee – Utah State University Extension

• Gardening and Landscaping Practices for Nesting Native Bees – Utah State University.

• Wild Bee Conservation – Xerces Society. Habitat, nesting, plants, protection.

• Bumble Bee Links

• Orchard Mason Bees (see the links at the bottom of the OMB page for additional information)

Other References:

• How to Reduce Bee Poisoning from Pesticides – Oregon State University

• Pollinator Conservation Resources – Pacific Northwest Region – Xerces Society

• Farming for Bees: Guidelines for providing habitat– Xerces Society

• How to Manage the Blue Orchard Bee – A SARE puplication

• Megachilid Bees in the Pacific Northwest: An Introduction –

• Pollinators – WSU Western Washington Tree Fruit & Alternative Fruits (some dead links)

• Pacific Northwest Insect Management Handbook – Bee Protection

• Trap-Nesting Wasps and Bees: Life Histories, Nests and Associates – K. Krombein, 1967